The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has issued a draft regulatory framework governing radio frequency allocations for the satellite communications sector. The recently notified Draft Telecommunications (Spectrum Assignment by Administrative Process) Rules, 2026 outlines the official terms and pricing for assigning state radiowaves without an auction.
Even after obtaining an operating licence and spectrum assignment, satellite operators would still need separate government security clearances before launching commercial services. This multi-stage process adds rigorous checks to the administrative frequency system, altering the deployment strategy for satellite internet providers across India.
Key Draft Rules at a Glance
| Rule Category | Proposed Requirement / Fee Structure |
| Spectrum Assignment Format | Administrative allocation (without auction) at government-defined prices |
| Satcom Security Clearance | Mandatory central government approval required post-spectrum assignment |
| Public Consultation Window | 30 days allocated for industry stakeholder feedback and objections |
| One-time Application Fee | ₹1,000 (Non-refundable) |
| Fixed Enterprise Terminal Fee | Ranging from ₹30,000 to ₹50 lakh annually based on service type |
| Satellite Phone Service Fee | Tiered at a low 1% of Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) |
Quick Summary: Why Satellite Internet Firms Face Stricter Terms
- Conditional Consumer Service: Securing a telecom license or initial airwaves is not an automatic green light; providers cannot activate consumer lines without explicit subsequent security approvals.
- Letter of Intent Hurdles: According to the draft notification, if a provisional letter of intent is issued before security reviews, final frequency use remains locked until full clearance is granted.
- Network Separation: The framework proposes to bar satellite operators from directly interconnecting their satellite setups with traditional public terrestrial networks.
- Current Scope Limitation: The newly published draft parameters apply directly to Geostationary Orbit (GSO) setups. Separate pricing models for Non-Geostationary Orbit (NGSO) constellations are still being finalized.
Understanding the New Satellite Internet Rollout Pipeline
The newly structured framework aims to balance rapid infrastructure rollouts with strict national safety standards. According to the draft notification, the step-by-step process for a commercial satellite service launch follows a distinct path:
- GMPCS Authorization: The operator applies for and secures a Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite license.
- Administrative Spectrum Assignment: Frequencies are provisionally assigned via an administrative framework at government-defined prices.
- Post-Assignment Security Review: Central government agencies conduct an independent safety evaluation.
- Infrastructure Installation: The firm receives explicit security approvals to install ground hubs and user terminals.
- Commercial Launch: The service goes live for retail broadband or satellite phone consumers.
Proposed Fee Brackets and Operational Restrictions
The draft rules replace legacy pricing models with a clear, terminal-based annual matrix. For fixed satellite setups, operators would pay fixed annual fees ranging from a baseline of ₹30,000 per terminal up to ₹50 lakh for high-capacity gateway stations. Meanwhile, mobile satellite phone services would see an accessible 1% AGR levy to encourage connectivity in remote or hard-to-reach locations.
However, the draft rules place major connectivity limits on satellite grids. Specifically, the text bars satcom operators from connecting their private satellite networks directly with traditional public telecommunication networks, including public switched telephone networks (PSTN) and public land mobile networks (PLMN), without prior government approval.
How Major Satellite Players are Impacted
| Company | Current Status Under Draft Rules |
| Starlink India | Awaiting NGSO pricing framework and security approvals for its low-earth orbit constellation. |
| Eutelsat OneWeb | Existing GMPCS operator; would need post-spectrum security clearances under the new timeline. |
| Jio Satcom | Backed by a joint venture with SES; preparing domestic gateway infrastructure for compliance. |
The GSO vs. NGSO Distinction
It is critical to note that the pricing conditions in this specific draft document apply primarily to firms utilizing a Geostationary Orbit (GSO), such as traditional very small aperture terminal (VSAT) networks, teleports, or broadcasting players.
According to the explanatory memorandum, these rules do not yet cover Non-Geostationary Orbit (NGSO) players like Elon Musk’s Starlink, Amazon Project Kuiper, or Eutelsat OneWeb. Frequencies for both orbits will be given administratively under the Telecommunications Act, but unique spectrum charge structures for NGSO constellations are still being processed separately for Cabinet clearance.
What Investors and the Industry Should Watch Next
As the sector reviews the proposed guidelines during the 30-day feedback window, analysts are watching a clear checklist of indicators:
- NGSO spectrum pricing framework: The release of the upcoming separate pricing rules tailored specifically for low-earth orbit constellations.
- Ministry of Home Affairs security guidelines: Clearer parameters regarding technical conditions for border-zone signal spillage.
- Gateway approval timelines: How fast local security agencies process authorizations for physical earth stations once administrative frequencies are locked.
- Industry consultation feedback: Potential modifications to the terminal fee structure following pushback from domestic tech and telecom working groups.
- Final notification of the rules: The formal implementation timeline following the closure of the public comment window.
Conclusion
The publication of the draft rules indicates that India is treating satellite internet access as critical national infrastructure. While administrative frequency allocation cuts through standard auction delays, the addition of rigorous post-assignment security approvals shows that market access remains strictly linked to national security priorities. As the 30-day public feedback window opens, global constellations must prepare to adapt their delivery architectures to fit India’s highly specific security model.
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